Vaccines & Infectious Diseases

Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It affects millions of people annually in Poland and worldwide. The disease can lead to mild to severe illness. In some cases, it results in hospitalization or death, particularly among high-risk groups. Annual vaccination remains the most effective prevention strategy. Each year, several million suspected influenza cases are reported in Poland. Moreover, thousands of hospitalizations occur during epidemic seasons.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a common respiratory pathogen. It represents a major cause of illness in infants and young children. The virus primarily affects the respiratory tract and lower airways. RSV can also impact older adults and immunocompromised individuals. Severe cases may require hospitalization, particularly in vulnerable populations. Recent advances have led to the development of new RSV vaccines. These vaccines target both pediatric and adult populations at risk.

Pneumococcal disease is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. This pathogen can lead to serious infections including pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia. The disease affects people of all ages. However, infants, elderly adults, and immunocompromised individuals face the highest risk. Invasive pneumococcal disease carries significant morbidity and mortality. Vaccination represents the primary prevention strategy. Modern conjugate vaccines offer broader serotype coverage and improved protection.

COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. This disease emerged as a global pandemic in 2020. It has profoundly impacted health systems, economies, and daily life worldwide. The virus causes respiratory illness ranging from mild to severe disease. Some cases result in hospitalization, long-term complications, or death. Vaccination campaigns have proven critical in controlling the pandemic. Updated vaccine formulations target emerging variants to maintain protection.